Tag: adjective

  • what is Article? and it divided into how many parts?

    what is Article? and it divided into how many parts?

    Def: Article is a word which is used to determine a noun or an adjective and come before nouns.

    “A, An, the” are the words called articles.

    Example:

    I eat an orange.

    She is a girl.

    The cat loves comfort.

    Note: Articles are divided into two parts.

    1. Indefinite Articles.
    2. Definite Articles.

    1.Indefinite Article:

    Def: In English Grammar, there are two Indefinite Articles which are…

    “A and an”

    • A is used for words beginning with a consonant.

    Example: A book, a pan, a rubber, a bag, a ruler, a duster, etc…

    • An is used for words beginning with a vowel.

    Example: An umbrella, an orange, an apple, an iron, an elephant, etc…

    • Some native speakers use “an” before words beginning with H if the first syllable is not stressed.

    Example: An hotel- a hotel, an historical novel- a historical novel, an university- a university.

    • In its original numerical sense of one.

    Example: Not a word was said.

          A word to the wise is sufficient.

    • In a vague sense of certainty.

    Example: One morning a man came to my home.

          A Brak Obama is retired for his country.

    • In the sense of any to single out an individual as the representative.

    Example: A cow is a useful animal.

          A pupil should lessen his teacher.

    • To make a common noun of a proper noun.

    Example: A Damon comes to school.

          A loin eats all animals.

    2. Definite Article:

    There is one definite article exist in English Grammar which is

    “The”

    Usages of Article “The”

    • It is used before things or group of things.

    Example: The book you bought is useful.

          Let us enjoy the picnic.

    • It is used before common nouns.

    Example: They are the student who got the 1st position.

                                 The horse is a noble animal.

    • It is used before ordinal numbers.

    Example: The fifth class.

          The sixth class.

    • It is used before the superlative form of an adjective.

    Example: Ali is the tallest boy in our class.

       Sarah is the happiest girl of her family.

    • Before some proper names.

    Example: The Pacific ocean,

         The Sahara deserts

    • Before names of things unique of their kind.

    Example: The sky, the sun, the moon, the ocean, the earth, the sea.

    • Before musical instruments.

    Example: He can play the music.

    • As an adverb with Comparative form.

    Example: The more they get, the more they want.

        Harry writes the best in the class.

    The omission of the Article:

    1. Before names of substances and abstract noun (uncountable noun) used in general sense

    Example: Honesty is the best policy.

         Gold is a precious metal.

    2. Before plural countable nouns used in a general sense.

    Example: Children like chocolates.

         Laptops are used in many countries.

    3. Before names of meals (used in a general sense)

    Example: Breakfast is ready.

          Dinner is ready.

    4. Before languages.

    Example: I am studying English.

         They speak Sindhi in class.

    5. Before school, college, university, church, bed, hospital, prison.

    Example: My mother is in hospital.

         She learned English at school.

  • what is adverb? How Many Types of Adverb we have?

    what is adverb? How Many Types of Adverb we have?

    Adverb: An adverb is an element that adds some more information about time, place, manner, degree, circumstance and etc… of a verb, an adjective or another adverb.

    • she writes quickly.                          (Modifies: Verb)
    • he is very polite.                              (Modifies: Adjective)
    • they drive very slowly.                    (Modifies: Adverb)

    kinds of Adverb.

    1. Adverbs of Manner.
    2. Adverbs of Place.
    3. Adverb of Time.
    4. Adverb of Frequency.
    5. Adverbs of Degree.
    6. Adverb of Sentence.
    7. Interrogative Adverbs.
    8. adverbs of Reason.
    9. Relative Adverbs.
    10. Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation.

    1. Adverbs of Manner:

    Adverbs which show that how or in what manner, way an action has been completed are called adverbs of manner.

    (fastly, slowly, quickly, happily, sadly, well)

    Example:

    They secretly went to the marriage party.

    She slowly sings the song.

    Note: Most of the adverbs of manner are formed from an adjective, we form them by adding – ly” to the end of an adjective like “slow- slowly, happy- happily”

    2. Adverbs of Place:

    Adverbs of place usually show where an action happened OR it is used to indicate a place of an action.

    (By, down, near, here, up, at, in, out)

    Example:

    Come in.

    He is downstairs.

    I am looking up.

    Note: if there is no object, these adverbs are usually placed after the verb like: He went out. But they come after Verb+ object as They find him nearby.

    3. Adverbs of Time:

    Adverb of time show when an action happened or it is used to denote the time when an action occurs.

    (Now, then, soon, still, yet, tomorrow)

    Example:

    I have spoken to her already.

    I have not completed the homework yet.

    Note: Adverb of time are usually placed whether in the beginning or at the end of a sentence.

    Yesterday I hurt my foot/ I hurt my foot yesterday.

    4. Adverbs of Frequency:

    Adverbs of frequency show how often an action takes place or it shows the repetition of an action.

    (Always, often, twice, never, again, once, seldom)

    Example:

    He usually makes absences.

    I always pray to Allah.

    Some common adverbs of frequency and their percentage of occurrence.

               Adverbs     % occurrence
               Always            90- 100%
              Usually            75- 90%
              Often            60- 80%
              Sometime            30- 75%
              Hardly ever            20- 40%
              Rarely            10- 30%
              Never             0- 1-%

    Note: Adverbs of frequency are normally placed after the simple tenses to be like: She is usually happy in the morning.

    Before the simple tenses of all other verbs like They always wake up early in the morning.

    After the first Auxilary when there are many like She has never been to Paris.

    5. Adverbs of Degree:

    Adverbs of the degree show to what extent an action happened or it shows the degree of an adverb or an adjective.

    (too, almost, fully, very, enough, so, better, rather, hardly, fairly)

    Example:

    She is pretty enough to win the Award.

    I am so glad to meet you.

    Note: Adverbs of degree are placed before adverbs or Adjective.

    6. Adverbs of Sentence:

    Adverbs of a sentence are used to modify the whole sentence and normally express the speaker’s opinion.

    (Definitely, honestly, surely, luckily, certainly)

    Example:

    Surely, They are my parents.

    Luckily, I am the 1st position holder.

    7. Interrogative Adverbs:

    Interrogative adverbs are used in asking questions.

    (When, where, why, how)

    Example:

    Which class are you studying?

    where are you from?

    8. Adverbs of reason:

    Adverbs of reason usually show why an action took place.

    (Therefore, because of, due to, hence, owing to, the reason for)

    Example:

    He got the 1st position because of working hard.

    He is late therefore he is punished.

    9. Relative adverbs:

    Relative adverbs are used to connect (join) to clauses or sentences.

    (When, where, why)

    Example:

    This is the reason why I feel proud.

    I will call you when I get free.

    10. Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation:

    Adverbs of affirmation and negation express accepting or refusing of a question.

    (Yes, no, no at all, exactly, surely, of course, perhaps)

    Example:

    I don’t know her.

    Certainly, I am ill.

    Forms of Adverbs.

    Some adverbs are the same in form as the corresponding adjectives; that is some words are used sometimes as an adjective, sometimes as adverbs. Most of the adverbs are formed by adding (ly) at the end of adjectives.

    Example:

    Slow-               Slowly

    Brave-             Bravely

    Dangerous-    Dangerously

    Comparison of adverbs:

    adverbs are similarly compared like an adjective:

    1. One syllable adverbs take (-er) in the comparative form, and (-est) in the superlative form at the end of the positive degree.

    fast- faster- fastest

    hard- harder- hardest

    deep- deeper- deepest

    quick- quicker- quickest

    long- longer- longest

    soon- sooner- soonest

    2. Adverbs of more than one syllable take (more) and (most) before positive in the comparative and superlative forms.

    Calmy- more calmly- most calmly

    Beautifully- more beautifully- most beautifully

    Definitely- more definitely- most definitely

    Swiftly- more swiftly- most swiftly

    skillfully- more skillfully- most skillfully

    3. Some of the commonest Adverbs form their comparative and superlative degrees irregularly.

    Badly- worse- worst

    well- better- best

    Much- more- most

    Little- less- least

    Near- nearer- nearest

    Far- farter- farthest

    further- furthest

    Late- later- latest

  • What is adjective? what are the degrees and 7 types of Adjective?

    What is adjective? what are the degrees and 7 types of Adjective?

    Adjective: An adjective is a word which modifies the goodness and badness of person, place and thing OR noun, pronoun and other adjectives.

    Example:

    The color of my book is blue.

    In the above sentence “the color of my book is blue” the word “blue” describes the pronoun “my book”

    Note: Adjectives has three different degrees.

    An adjective is defining the goodness and badness of noun and pronoun it also defines comparing between 1, 2 and 3 people, place and things

    1. Positive degree
    2. Comparative degree
    3. Superlative degree

    1. Positive degree:

    Positive degree shows simple adjectives it only describes not compare.

    (Good, tall, short, clean, dirty, beautiful, ugly, fast)

    Example:

    This orange is sour.

    This is a tall tree.

    2. Comparative degree:

    In a comparative degree, we compare two people two place and two things. we normally use the word “than” while comparing.

    (better, taller, shorter, cleaner, dirtier, more beautiful, uglier, faster)

    Example:

    This orange is sourer.

    This is a taller tree.

    3. Superlative degree:

    Superlative degree describes 1 person comparing with all or u can say we compare three or more than three.

    (best, tallest, shortest, cleanest, dirtiest, most beautiful, ugliest, fastest)

    Example:

    This orange is sourest.

    This is the tallest tree.

    RULES:

    1. In degrees of adjective, the words with one or two syllables turn into “er and est”  for example, short, shorter, shortest
    2. The words with three or more syllables don’t use “er or est”  instead of that we use “more and most”
    3. There are some exceptions to rules the word like “Good, bad, far, little and many more are irregular adjectives having one syllable it turns into better, best and worse, worst.
    4.  The words ending in “Y” will be changed into “i”

    The 7 types of adjective

    1. Article
    2. Descriptive
    3. Quantitive
    4. Demonstrative
    5. Possessive
    6. Interrogative
    7. Distributive

    1. Article:

    There are three articles in English “A, AN and THE” that we mostly use in our sentences which shows adjectives.

    A- singular, general item

    AN- singular, general item. Use this before words that start with a vowel.

    THE-singular or plural, a specific item

    Example:

    I am talking to a girl.

    She ate an orange

    The books which I received was wonderful.

    When we are talking about general things, use A and AN and when we are talking about something specific, use THE like “the dog” but when you use A cat it can be used to refer to any dog in the world. The dog is used to refer to the dog that just saved us.

    2. Descriptive:

    A descriptive adjective describes your thinking about adjectives that describe noun and pronoun.

    Example:

    The car is new.

    This shirt is clean.

    In this, both sentence “the car” is described that it is “new” and “the shirt” is described that it is “clean” which shows adjective.

    3. Quantitative:

    The quantitative adjective describes the quantity of something.

    (how much, how many, a lot, whole, etc)

    Example:

    How many students do you have?

    I have visited the whole country.

    4. Demonstrative:

    The demonstrative adjective is used to demonstrate or indicate a specific person, place or animal.

     This- used to a singular noun close to u or near to you.

     That- used to a singular noun far from you.

     These- used to a plural noun close to you.

     Those- used to a plural noun far from you.

    Example:

    Those are my notebooks.

    This is my pan.

    5. Possessive:

    Possessive adjective shows ownership. it describes to whom a thing belongs.

    (my, his, her, their, your, our, its)

    Example:

    His pant is white.

    Her makeup is dangerous.

    6. Interrogative:

    An interrogative adjective shows to ask a question or interrogate. These adjectives are mostly followed by a noun or pronoun and are formed to ask a question.

    which- shows to make a choice between options.

         what- shows to make a choice in general

       whose- shows things belongs to who

    Example:

    What color do you want to paint the wall?

    Whose pen are you using?

    7. Distributive:

    A distributive adjective describes specific out from a group. This adjective talks about single or individual items or people.

    (each, every, either, neither, any)

    Example:

    Every student has their own cards.

    Each player plays their own task.

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

  • What Are Parts of Speech? How Many Parts of Speech We Have?

    What Are Parts of Speech? How Many Parts of Speech We Have?

    In this article, I will teach you all about eight parts of speech that we have in English grammar. I will show you with definition, example, and its usage. you will learn it easily, I describe each speech with a simple definition that you should get.

    This parts of speech are the basic English grammar that every student should know before going to a high-level class. because it will increase your knowledge and your speech. as if you imagine while we are going to a school or English classes at first the teacher teach us parts of speech because it is necessary to know.

    Top English Idioms you should know in daily conversation What is Sentence? and how many kinds of sentences we have?

    what are parts of speech?

    Parts of speech:

    In grammar, a part of speech (also called lexical categories, grammatical categories or word classes) is a linguistic category of words. In English, there are eight parts of speech.

    How many parts of speech do we have?

    A list of parts of speech:

    A list of parts of speech in English grammar include the following:

    1. noun
    2. pronoun
    3. verb
    4. adverb
    5. adjective
    6. preposition
    7. conjunction
    8. interjection

    1. Noun:

    A noun is a word used to refer to people, animals, objects, substances, states, events, ideas and feelings. A noun functions as a subject or object of a verb and can be modified by an adjective.

    Example: People> Sara, Ali, Hameed

    Animal> lion, cat, dog

    Thing>  table, cup, television

    What is a noun? with full details and examples. 

    2. Pronoun:

    A pronoun is a word used instead of a noun.

    (he, she, it, they, we, you)

    Example: Sara loves you > NOUN

    she loves you >   PRONOUN

    Ali lost his books > NOUN

    He lost his books > PRONOUN

    what is pronoun? what are the types of pronoun? Full Details

    3. Verb:

    A verb is used to show an action or a state of being.

    (cook, sing, dance, teach, read, go)

    Example: He is writing a letter.

    she reads her book.

    They are enjoying the party.

    What is a Verb? Types of verbs and Examples 

    4. Adverb:

    An adverb is used to modify a verb, adjective, and the other adverbs.

    (quickly, nicely, fastly, completely, rudely)

    Example: she talks politely.

    They walk quickly.

    We write the letter completely.

    what is an adverb? How Many Types of Adverb we have?

    5. Adjective:

    An adjective is used to describe the goodness and badness or specify a noun or pronoun.

    (good, bad, nice, tall, small, clever, ugly, smart, short)

    Example: Sara looks beautiful.

    Hameed is a nice person.

    Ali is a good boy.

    Adjective? what are the degrees and 7 types of Adjective? 

    6.Proposition:

    Are used before a noun to form a phrase that shows where, when, how and why.

    (in, above, on, under, behind, in front of, beside)

    Example: The cat is in the box.

    The monkey is on the floor.

    The books are in the cupboard.

    What is preposition? and divided into how many parts?

    7. Conjunction:

    Are used to join two sentences, two clauses or words.

    (and, but, when, if, also, although)

    Example: This is my book and those are yours.

    Ali is tall but Akbar is taller.

    I will talk to him if he regrades.

    what is Conjunction? how many kinds of conjunctions we have?

    8. Interjection:

    Are used to show your sudden feelings, surprise or emotion.

    (oh, aha, hurrah, wow, alas)

    Example: Wow! she is so beautiful.

    Alas! his grandmom died.

    Hurrah! we are late for the center.

    what is an interjection? when we use interjection? what is Article? and it divided into how many parts?