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  • what is adverb? How Many Types of Adverb we have?

    what is adverb? How Many Types of Adverb we have?

    Adverb: An adverb is an element that adds some more information about time, place, manner, degree, circumstance and etc… of a verb, an adjective or another adverb.

    • she writes quickly.                          (Modifies: Verb)
    • he is very polite.                              (Modifies: Adjective)
    • they drive very slowly.                    (Modifies: Adverb)

    kinds of Adverb.

    1. Adverbs of Manner.
    2. Adverbs of Place.
    3. Adverb of Time.
    4. Adverb of Frequency.
    5. Adverbs of Degree.
    6. Adverb of Sentence.
    7. Interrogative Adverbs.
    8. adverbs of Reason.
    9. Relative Adverbs.
    10. Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation.

    1. Adverbs of Manner:

    Adverbs which show that how or in what manner, way an action has been completed are called adverbs of manner.

    (fastly, slowly, quickly, happily, sadly, well)

    Example:

    They secretly went to the marriage party.

    She slowly sings the song.

    Note: Most of the adverbs of manner are formed from an adjective, we form them by adding – ly” to the end of an adjective like “slow- slowly, happy- happily”

    2. Adverbs of Place:

    Adverbs of place usually show where an action happened OR it is used to indicate a place of an action.

    (By, down, near, here, up, at, in, out)

    Example:

    Come in.

    He is downstairs.

    I am looking up.

    Note: if there is no object, these adverbs are usually placed after the verb like: He went out. But they come after Verb+ object as They find him nearby.

    3. Adverbs of Time:

    Adverb of time show when an action happened or it is used to denote the time when an action occurs.

    (Now, then, soon, still, yet, tomorrow)

    Example:

    I have spoken to her already.

    I have not completed the homework yet.

    Note: Adverb of time are usually placed whether in the beginning or at the end of a sentence.

    Yesterday I hurt my foot/ I hurt my foot yesterday.

    4. Adverbs of Frequency:

    Adverbs of frequency show how often an action takes place or it shows the repetition of an action.

    (Always, often, twice, never, again, once, seldom)

    Example:

    He usually makes absences.

    I always pray to Allah.

    Some common adverbs of frequency and their percentage of occurrence.

               Adverbs     % occurrence
               Always            90- 100%
              Usually            75- 90%
              Often            60- 80%
              Sometime            30- 75%
              Hardly ever            20- 40%
              Rarely            10- 30%
              Never             0- 1-%

    Note: Adverbs of frequency are normally placed after the simple tenses to be like: She is usually happy in the morning.

    Before the simple tenses of all other verbs like They always wake up early in the morning.

    After the first Auxilary when there are many like She has never been to Paris.

    5. Adverbs of Degree:

    Adverbs of the degree show to what extent an action happened or it shows the degree of an adverb or an adjective.

    (too, almost, fully, very, enough, so, better, rather, hardly, fairly)

    Example:

    She is pretty enough to win the Award.

    I am so glad to meet you.

    Note: Adverbs of degree are placed before adverbs or Adjective.

    6. Adverbs of Sentence:

    Adverbs of a sentence are used to modify the whole sentence and normally express the speaker’s opinion.

    (Definitely, honestly, surely, luckily, certainly)

    Example:

    Surely, They are my parents.

    Luckily, I am the 1st position holder.

    7. Interrogative Adverbs:

    Interrogative adverbs are used in asking questions.

    (When, where, why, how)

    Example:

    Which class are you studying?

    where are you from?

    8. Adverbs of reason:

    Adverbs of reason usually show why an action took place.

    (Therefore, because of, due to, hence, owing to, the reason for)

    Example:

    He got the 1st position because of working hard.

    He is late therefore he is punished.

    9. Relative adverbs:

    Relative adverbs are used to connect (join) to clauses or sentences.

    (When, where, why)

    Example:

    This is the reason why I feel proud.

    I will call you when I get free.

    10. Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation:

    Adverbs of affirmation and negation express accepting or refusing of a question.

    (Yes, no, no at all, exactly, surely, of course, perhaps)

    Example:

    I don’t know her.

    Certainly, I am ill.

    Forms of Adverbs.

    Some adverbs are the same in form as the corresponding adjectives; that is some words are used sometimes as an adjective, sometimes as adverbs. Most of the adverbs are formed by adding (ly) at the end of adjectives.

    Example:

    Slow-               Slowly

    Brave-             Bravely

    Dangerous-    Dangerously

    Comparison of adverbs:

    adverbs are similarly compared like an adjective:

    1. One syllable adverbs take (-er) in the comparative form, and (-est) in the superlative form at the end of the positive degree.

    fast- faster- fastest

    hard- harder- hardest

    deep- deeper- deepest

    quick- quicker- quickest

    long- longer- longest

    soon- sooner- soonest

    2. Adverbs of more than one syllable take (more) and (most) before positive in the comparative and superlative forms.

    Calmy- more calmly- most calmly

    Beautifully- more beautifully- most beautifully

    Definitely- more definitely- most definitely

    Swiftly- more swiftly- most swiftly

    skillfully- more skillfully- most skillfully

    3. Some of the commonest Adverbs form their comparative and superlative degrees irregularly.

    Badly- worse- worst

    well- better- best

    Much- more- most

    Little- less- least

    Near- nearer- nearest

    Far- farter- farthest

    further- furthest

    Late- later- latest

  • What is Verb? Types of verbs and With Examples

    What is Verb? Types of verbs and With Examples

    Verb:

    The verb is a word that tells or asserts something about a person or thing. The verb comes from a Latin Word Verbum, a word that’s why it’s called because it is the most important word in a sentence. A verb often consists of more than one word.

    Example:

    Sara cooks food.

    The boys were singing the song.

    She is dancing.

    In the above sentence “cooks, singing and Dancing” is the verb of the sentence that shows the action which is done by the doer or subject “Sara, the boys and she”

    • There are two classes of verbs:
    1. Main/ ordinary verbs……………………. Play, repeat, cook and etc
    2. Auxiliary/ helping verbs…………………..be, used, can, will and etc

    Main verb:

    A verb that functions as the head of verbs in a sentence is called the main verb.

    Example:

    She saw him at the wedding.

    They play football.

    In the above sentences, you can clearly notice that the word “saw and play” are the Main verb that performs an action.

    Auxiliary/ Helping verbs:

    Verbs, which are used in forming tenses, moods and voices of other verbs are called auxiliary verbs.

    Example:

    She is laughing at him.

    They are working hard.

    In the above sentences the word “laughing and working” are the helping verbs that perform an action in the sentence.

    Note: There are Eight types of verb.

    1. Causative Verbs
    2. Transitive verbs
    3. Intransitive verbs
    4. Ditransitive verbs
    5. Dynamic Verbs
    6. Regular verbs
    7. Irregular verbs
    8. Phrasal verbs

    1.  Causative verbs:

    We use causative verbs when we don’t carry out an action ourselves but are responsible for the action being performed OR causative verbs indicate that we don’t do an action, but get it done by someone else.

    Example:

    I made my sister polish my shoes.

    He forced them to work hard.

    The most common causative verbs are:

    (Allow, force, get, make, have, let, help)

    The causative verbs which are followed by an object+ full infinitive.

     Force: means to compel somebody to perform something.

    Allow: means to permit somebody to perform something.

    Get means to cause or persuade somebody to perform something.

    Example:

    I get my brother to wash my clothes.

    Ali allows his sister to go to the party.

    In the above sentences u can see the word “to+ verb – to+ wash and to+ go” is the causative verbs followed by a full infinitive.

    The causative verbs which are followed by object+ bara infinitive.

    Make means to convince somebody to perform something.

    Have means agreement.

    Let means to permit somebody to perform something.

    Example:

    The parents shouldn’t let their children watch the movie.

    She made her best friend enjoy the party.

    The above sentences show the word “watch and enjoy” are the causative verbs followed by a bare infinitive.

    2. Transitive verb:

    Those verbs which need objects for their complete meaning is called transitive verbs.

    Example:

    He is eating a banana.

    We watch TV every Saturday.

    In the sentences, the words “eating and watch” are transitive verbs performing or completing the action.

    3. Intransitive verb:

    Those verbs which don’t need objects for their complete meaning is called intransitive verbs.

    Example:

    Sun rises in the east.

    Birds fly.

    She is sleeping.

    In the above sentences the words “rises, fly, sleeping” shows intransitive verbs that perform the action.

    4. Ditransitive verb:

    The verbs which need direct and indirect objects are called ditransitive verbs.

    Example:

    I was asking him a question.

    They told her about you.

    In the 1st sentence, it shows that the person directly ask the person question and in the 2nd sentence it shows that the person indirectly talked about the 2nd person in front of the third person.

    5. Dynamic verb:

    The verb in which there is an action progressive or continued on the part of the subject is called a dynamic verb.

    Example:

    She is writing a letter.

    He will do it.

    6. Regular verb:

    Verbs form their past tense and past participle by adding “ed”

              Base Form              Past Tense          Past Participle
              walk               Walked               Walked
              Laugh               Laughed                Laughed
               Paint               Painted                Painted
               Watch               Watched                Watched
                Play               Played                Played
                Marry               Married                 Married
                Die               Died                   Died

    7. Irregular verbs:

    Verbs that form their past tense and past participle in a different way from adding “ed”

                 Base Form                 Past Tense          Past Participle
                      Sit                      Sat                   Sat
                     Ring                     Rang                  Rung
                     Come                     Came                  Come

    We have three types of irregular verbs. 

    1. Verbs in which all three forms are the same.

     Example: cut  –  cut  –  cut

    put –  put –  put

    2. Verbs in which two of the three forms are the same.

    Example:  sit  –  sat – sat

    dig – dug – dug

    3. Verbs in which all the three forms are different.

    Example: ring – rang – rung

    grow – grew – grown

    8. Phrasal verb:

    Verbs are mainly used in spoken English and informal texts. Phrasal verbs consist of a verb and a particle preposition and adverb. The particle can change the meaning of the verb completely.

    Example:

    We broke up two years ago.

    Look for – seek (look for her ring)

    Look forward – anticipate with pleasure (look forward to meeting someone)

    The position of the particle:

    In some cases, the particle is placed either after the verb or after the object.

    Example:

    Write down the word.

    Write the word down.

    If the object is the pronoun, however, the particle has to be placed after the pronoun (object)

    Write it down.

    Put it down.

    Take it off.

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

  • What Are Parts of Speech? How Many Parts of Speech We Have?

    What Are Parts of Speech? How Many Parts of Speech We Have?

    In this article, I will teach you all about eight parts of speech that we have in English grammar. I will show you with definition, example, and its usage. you will learn it easily, I describe each speech with a simple definition that you should get.

    This parts of speech are the basic English grammar that every student should know before going to a high-level class. because it will increase your knowledge and your speech. as if you imagine while we are going to a school or English classes at first the teacher teach us parts of speech because it is necessary to know.

    Top English Idioms you should know in daily conversation What is Sentence? and how many kinds of sentences we have?

    what are parts of speech?

    Parts of speech:

    In grammar, a part of speech (also called lexical categories, grammatical categories or word classes) is a linguistic category of words. In English, there are eight parts of speech.

    How many parts of speech do we have?

    A list of parts of speech:

    A list of parts of speech in English grammar include the following:

    1. noun
    2. pronoun
    3. verb
    4. adverb
    5. adjective
    6. preposition
    7. conjunction
    8. interjection

    1. Noun:

    A noun is a word used to refer to people, animals, objects, substances, states, events, ideas and feelings. A noun functions as a subject or object of a verb and can be modified by an adjective.

    Example: People> Sara, Ali, Hameed

    Animal> lion, cat, dog

    Thing>  table, cup, television

    What is a noun? with full details and examples. 

    2. Pronoun:

    A pronoun is a word used instead of a noun.

    (he, she, it, they, we, you)

    Example: Sara loves you > NOUN

    she loves you >   PRONOUN

    Ali lost his books > NOUN

    He lost his books > PRONOUN

    what is pronoun? what are the types of pronoun? Full Details

    3. Verb:

    A verb is used to show an action or a state of being.

    (cook, sing, dance, teach, read, go)

    Example: He is writing a letter.

    she reads her book.

    They are enjoying the party.

    What is a Verb? Types of verbs and Examples 

    4. Adverb:

    An adverb is used to modify a verb, adjective, and the other adverbs.

    (quickly, nicely, fastly, completely, rudely)

    Example: she talks politely.

    They walk quickly.

    We write the letter completely.

    what is an adverb? How Many Types of Adverb we have?

    5. Adjective:

    An adjective is used to describe the goodness and badness or specify a noun or pronoun.

    (good, bad, nice, tall, small, clever, ugly, smart, short)

    Example: Sara looks beautiful.

    Hameed is a nice person.

    Ali is a good boy.

    Adjective? what are the degrees and 7 types of Adjective? 

    6.Proposition:

    Are used before a noun to form a phrase that shows where, when, how and why.

    (in, above, on, under, behind, in front of, beside)

    Example: The cat is in the box.

    The monkey is on the floor.

    The books are in the cupboard.

    What is preposition? and divided into how many parts?

    7. Conjunction:

    Are used to join two sentences, two clauses or words.

    (and, but, when, if, also, although)

    Example: This is my book and those are yours.

    Ali is tall but Akbar is taller.

    I will talk to him if he regrades.

    what is Conjunction? how many kinds of conjunctions we have?

    8. Interjection:

    Are used to show your sudden feelings, surprise or emotion.

    (oh, aha, hurrah, wow, alas)

    Example: Wow! she is so beautiful.

    Alas! his grandmom died.

    Hurrah! we are late for the center.

    what is an interjection? when we use interjection? what is Article? and it divided into how many parts?